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dc:abstract "BACKGROUND: Nearly all children are infected with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) within the first 2 years of life, with a minority developing severe disease (1%–3% hospitalized). We hypothesized that an assessment of the adaptive immune system, using CD4(+) T-lymphocyte transcriptomics, would identify gene expression correlates of disease severity. METHODS: Infants infected with RSV representing extremes of clinical severity were studied. Mild illness (n = 23) was defined as a respiratory rate (RR) < 55 and room air oxygen saturation (SaO(2)) ≥ 97%, and severe illness (n = 23) was defined as RR ≥ 65 and SaO2 ≤ 92%. RNA from fresh, sort-purified CD4(+) T cells was assessed by RNA sequencing. RESULTS: Gestational age, age at illness onset, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, bacterial colonization, and breastfeeding were associated (adjusted P < .05) with disease severity. RNA sequencing analysis reliably measured approximately 60% of the genome. Severity of RSV illness had the greatest effect size upon CD4 T-cell gene expression. Pathway analysis identified correlates of severity, including JAK/STAT, prolactin, and interleukin 9 signaling. We also identified genes and pathways associated with timing of symptoms and RSV group (A/B). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest fundamental changes in adaptive immune cell phenotypes may be associated with RSV clinical severity." ;
dc:creator "['Mariani, Thomas J', 'Qiu, Xing', 'Chu, ChinYi', 'Wang, Lu', 'Thakar, Juilee', 'Holden-Wiltse, Jeanne', 'Corbett, Anthony', 'Topham, David J', 'Falsey, Ann R', 'Caserta, Mary T', 'Walsh, Edward E']" ;
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dc:title "Association of Dynamic Changes in the CD4 T-Cell Transcriptome With Disease Severity During Primary Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Young Infants" ;
sso:source_x "PMC" .