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dc:abstract "Human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infects an estimated 15–20 million persons worldwide. A number of diseases have been associated with the virus including adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), HTLV-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), HTLV-I uveitis, and HTLV-I-associated infective dermatitis. Once it was shown that there is an increased risk for developing HAM/TSP associated with blood transfusion, screening for HTLV-1 among blood banks was implemented in Japan, United States, France, and the Netherlands. This process includes detection by an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) followed by a confirmatory Western blot (WB) in which recombinant proteins specific for HTLV-I Env glycoproteins are incorporated into WB strips. HTLV-I seropositive results are defined by the presence of antibodies against either gp46 or gp62/68 (both Env protein bands) and either p19, p24, or p53 (one of the gag bands). HTLV-II seropositivity is confirmed by the presence of rgp46-II. However, numerous cases have been documented in which serum samples are reactive by EIA, but an incomplete banding pattern is displayed by subsequent confirmatory WB. Although the significance of these HTLV-I/II seroindeterminates is unclear, it may suggest a much higher incidence of exposure to HTLV-I/II than previously estimated." ;
dc:creator "['Abrams, Anna', 'Akahata, Yoshimi', 'Jacobson, Steven']" ;
dc:identifier ,
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dc:issued "2011-01-01"^^xsd:date ;
dc:license "CC BY" ;
dc:title "The Prevalence and Significance of HTLV-I/II Seroindeterminate Western Blot Patterns" ;
sso:has_full_text "True" ;
sso:journal "Viruses" ;
sso:sha "29cc49c0a88d00ecc54d45ff5bf9128e47e9a444" ;
sso:source_x "PMC" .