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<http://fhircat.org/cord-19/metadata/4e83f87fdf5b15fb7962c1b6235b520817924a9b> fhir_link: <https://fhircat.org/cord-19/fhir/Commercial/4e83f87fdf5b15fb7962c1b6235b520817924a9b> ;
    dc:abstract "Lectin sensitivity of the recent pandemic influenza A virus (H1N1-2009) was screened for 12 lectins with various carbohydrate specificity by a neutral red dye uptake assay with MDCK cells. Among them, a high mannose (HM)-binding anti-HIV lectin, ESA-2 from the red alga Eucheuma serra, showed the highest inhibition against infection with an EC(50) of 12.4 nM. Moreover, ESA-2 exhibited a wide range of antiviral spectrum against various influenza strains with EC(50)s of pico molar to low nanomolar levels. Besides ESA-2, HM-binding plant lectin ConA, fucose-binding lectins such as fungal AOL from Aspergillus oryzae and AAL from Aleuria aurantia were active against H1N1-2009, but the potency of inhibition was of less magnitude compared with ESA-2. Direct interaction between ESA-2 and a viral envelope glycoprotein, hemagglutinin (HA), was demonstrated by ELISA assay. This interaction was effectively suppressed by glycoproteins bearing HM-glycans, indicating that ESA-2 binds to the HA of influenza virus through HM-glycans. Upon treatment with ESA-2, no viral antigens were detected in the host cells, indicating that ESA-2 inhibited the initial steps of virus entry into the cells. ESA-2 would thus be useful as a novel microbicide to prevent penetration of viruses such as HIV and influenza viruses to the host cells." ;
    dc:creator "['Sato, Yuichiro', 'Morimoto, Kinjiro', 'Kubo, Takanori', 'Sakaguchi, Takemasa', 'Nishizono, Akira', 'Hirayama, Makoto', 'Hori, Kanji']" ;
    dc:identifier <http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md13063454>,
        <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4483639>,
        <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26035023> ;
    dc:issued "2015-01-01"^^xsd:date ;
    dc:license "CC BY" ;
    dc:title "Entry Inhibition of Influenza Viruses with High Mannose Binding Lectin ESA-2 from the Red Alga Eucheuma serra through the Recognition of Viral Hemagglutinin" ;
    sso:has_full_text "True" ;
    sso:journal "Mar Drugs" ;
    sso:sha "4e83f87fdf5b15fb7962c1b6235b520817924a9b" ;
    sso:source_x "PMC" .