{
   "sha": "c865d4f4df0bee73efdd9413b23217e1b05b0f5e",
   "source_x": "PMC",
   "title": "Virus-triggered exacerbation in allergic asthmatic children: neutrophilic airway inflammation and alteration of virus sensors characterize a subgroup of patients",
   "doi": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12931-017-0672-0",
   "pmcid": "PMC5686805",
   "pubmed_id": "29137638",
   "license": "CC BY",
   "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Viruses are important triggers of asthma exacerbations. They are also detected outside of exacerbation. Alteration of anti-viral response in asthmatic patients has been shown although the mechanisms responsible for this defect remain unclear. The objective of this study was to compare in virus-infected and not-infected allergic asthmatic children, aged 6 to 16\u00a0years, admitted to hospital for a severe exacerbation, the innate immune response and especially the expression of pattern recognition receptor (PRR) and their function. METHODS: Virus identification was performed both during the exacerbation and at steady state (eight weeks later). Data assessed at both periods included clinical features, anti-viral response and inflammation (in sputum and plasma), and PRR expression/function in blood mononuclear cells. RESULTS: Viruses were identified in 46 out of 72 children (median age 8.9\u00a0years) during exacerbation, and among them, in 17 at steady state. IFN-\u03b2, IFN-\u03b3 and IL-29 levels in sputum and plasma were similar between infected and not infected patients at both times, as well as the expression of TLR3, RIG-I and MDA5 in blood monocytes and dendritic cells. Airway inflammation in infected patients was characterized by significantly higher IL-5 concentration and eosinophil count. Compared to patients only infected at exacerbation, the re-infected children significantly exhibited lower levels of IFN-\u03b3 in plasma and sputum at exacerbation associated with modifications in PRR expression and function in blood mononuclear cells. These re-infected patients also presented an airway neutrophilic inflammation at steady state. CONCLUSION: Our results reports in asthmatic children that impaired anti-viral response during virus-induced exacerbation is more pronounced in a subgroup of patients prone to re-infection by virus. This subgroup is characterized by altered PRR function and a different pattern of airway inflammation. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This multicenter prospective study was approved by the regional investigational review board (ref: 08/07). ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12931-017-0672-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.",
   "publish_time": "2017 Nov 14",
   "authors": [
      "['Deschildre, Antoine', 'Pichavant, Muriel', 'Engelmann, Ilka', 'Langlois, Carole', 'Drumez, Elodie', 'Pouessel, Guillaume', 'Boileau, Sophie', 'Romero-Cubero, David', 'Decleyre-Badiu, Irina', 'Dewilde, Anny', 'Hober, Didier', 'N\u00e9ve, V\u00e9ronique', 'Thumerelle, Caroline', 'Lejeune, St\u00e9phanie', 'Mordacq, Cl\u00e9mence', 'Gosset, Philippe']"
   ],
   "journal": "Respir Res",
   "has_full_text": "False",
   "id": "c865d4f4df0bee73efdd9413b23217e1b05b0f5e"
}